medicalx - What's what

What's what

Allergen is a substance that enters the body, irritates the immune system and causes the formation of specific antibodies. Allergen may be of natural origin or is synthesized chemical compound.

Allergy. The word allergy is of Greek origin and means to react differently. People are often consciously respond differently than surrounding expects from us. Sometimes we say that we are allergic to this or that, which usually express their hypersensitivity. Similarly, the allergies, because excessive body odreagira contact with otherwise harmless substance.
Our immune system is sometimes exaggerated and unexpectedly resist certain foods, pollen, medicine, material fabric, fur farm animals. There are already more than 20 000 allergens, which are our body can resist. After contact with the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and irritated eyes, head hurts us, we have diarrhea, in the worst case can lead to cramps in the bronchus and circulatory malfunction. The most common allergen, which is more than 90 percent of the cause of perennial allergic rhinitis, house dust mite is.

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Anaphylactic shock is the worst form of immediate hypersensitivity reactions, which can be fatal. After contact with an allergen sensitized person is affected multiple organ systems simultaneously. Appears itching, rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, respiratory spasm, rapid pulse and a last resort, shock and heart failure. To anaphylactic shock occurs most often Mon insect bites and ingestion of certain drugs or food.

The antigen is any substance which specifically binds with the antibody.

Atopy is an inherited predisposition to the formation of specific antibodies to the allergens that most people do not cause immune reactions. At such a man (a typical atopic individual) inherited record instructs the immune system that upon contact with a foreign substance formed many antibodies.

Histamine is one of the most important vectors in allergic reactions. The consequences of his action are harmful to the body (extension of blood vessels and decrease blood pressure, inflammation and swelling of the lining and the secretion of mucus and tracheal muscle contraction, spasms in the stomach and intestine, red skin).

The immune system is a set of different cells, which defend the body against harmful substances. Intruder to identify, degrade, neutralize and remove from the body.

Antibodies produced by the immune system. Antibodies are immunoglobulins and their job is to make the body of foreign substances harmless.

Psevdoalergija manifested as allergy and occurs in people who have atopy. In these reactions the immune system is not included. It appears, for example, eat chocolate, food with lots of yeast, drink red wine or eat something else, which contains a lot of histamine. These are the same as for allergy symptoms (such as redness, itching) to pre-sensitization does not occur.

Hypersensitivity (sensitization) occurs at the first contact with the allergen and is a sort of immune memory. When the body first encounters an allergen, remember. On the second and subsequent re-contact with the allergen hypersensitivity reactions occur.
The development of sensitization to different people take different lengths of time, with some few days, others for many years.

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